Romania


 * Romania:[[image:http://www.footballpictures.net/data/media/150/Romanian_flag.jpg width="356" height="219" align="right"]] **

In Banat, the violin is the most common folk instrument, now played alongside imported woodwind instruments; other instruments include the taragot although in recent time saxophones accompany violins Bucovina is a remote province, and its traditions include some of the most traditional of Romanian instruments, including the ţilincă and the cobza.Crişana has an ancient tradition of using violins, often in duos. This format is also found in Transylvania but is an older tradition. Dobrogea's population is especially diverse, and there exist elements of traditional Tartar, Ukrainian, Turkish and Bulgarian music among the populations. The typical folk ensemble from Maramureş is zongora and violin, often with drums. Taragot, saxophone and accordion have more recently been introduced. In Oaş, a violin adapted to be shriller is used, accompanied by the zongora. The singing in this region is also unique, shrill with melodic elements. Violin and ţambal are the modern format most common in Moldavian dance music. Before the 20th century, however, the violin was usually accompanied by the cobza. Brass ensembles are now most popular in the central part of the county. Violin, viola and double bass, sometimes with a cimbalom, are the most integral ensemble unit. They are used to play a wide variety of songs, including numerous kinds of specific wedding songs. Drum, guitar and violin make up the typical band in Maramureş, and virtuoso fiddlers are also popular in the area. In the end of the 1990s, the Maramuzical music festival was organized to draw attention to the indigenous music of the area. Muntenia has a diverse set of instrumentation. The flute (//fluier// in Romanian) and violin are the traditional melodic element, but now clarinets and accordions are more often used. Accordionists include the renowned performers Vasile Pandelescu and Ilie Udilă. Oltenia's folk music and dance is similar to Muntenia. Violins and pipes are used, as are ţambal and guitar, replacing the cobza as the rhythmic backing for tarafs. The cimpoi (bagpipe) is also popular in this region. Among Romania traditional music, Doina, a tune style, is the most widespread. It is poetic and melancholy, often comparable to the blues. It is sober in nature and not used for festivities and typically only requires a vocal and a single accompanying instrument. Among Doina are also many other types, popular to their own region.

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- by Viet